LONEITUTE THIAN
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
A. THLASIK VAIMIM
Thuhma
Kum tina India rama Vaimim chin zat chu 6 million Ha. Hmun vel a ni a. Vaimim chinna State pawimawh leh langsarte chu Uttar Pradesh (1.9 million ha.), Bihar (0.9 million ha), Punjab (0.7 million ha.), Rajasthan (0.9 million ha.), Madhya Pradesh (0.85 million ha.), Karnataka (0.33 million ha.) leh Andhra Pradesh (0.31 million ha.) te an ni a. Kum tlemte (1993-1996) kal ta a record dan chuan thlasik Vaimim hi a tlangpuiin hectare khatah 22.49 qtls. thar ang a ni a. Maharashtra (14.5qt/ha.)-ah te ai chuan Karnataka (23.3qt/ha.), Andra Pradesh (31.9qt/ha.) leh Tamil Nadu (15.8 qt/ha.)-ah te hian a thar tam deuh bik a. Thlasik Vaimim china hmun thenkhata a thar that loh chhan chu cultivator thar tlem chi chin vangte leh a kungte enkawl that tawk loh vang leh a venhimna lampang ngaih pawimawh tawk loh vang niin a lang. Thlasik Vaimim (rahbi) hi fur (Kharif) Vaimim thar hlawk leh thar tam theihna awlsam ber chu thlasik Vaimim chin uar hi a ni. IARI-ina a thar tha chite leh thlasik vaimim hlawk zawka tih theih a nih nana a enkawl leh tihdan turte a duan hma chuan thlasik Vaimim chin hi thil tih chi leh hlawk lutuk niin a lang lova. Amaherawhchu, enchhinaah te pawh a chi tha cultivator thlan a, a enkawl dan lam a mamawh dan ang taka enkawl a nih chuan, India rama thlasik Vaimim thar zat chu USA leh Europe vela tharte aiin a tlem bik chuang lo hial a ni.
Thlasik Vaimim thar tam chhante
Fur leh thlasik Vaimimte hian enkawl dan dik an ngaih ve ve lain, fur vaimim hi chu ruah chungchang sawi lawk theih lohna avangin a hmun tur buatsaih chungchangah te harsatna a awm thei thin. Hetih lai hian hetiang harsatna hi thlasik lai chuan a awm ve lova, chuvangin a hmun buatsaih leh thil dangte chu duh hun takah ruah tihbuai lohvin a tih mai theih thin. Chubakah, senso inang rau rauah pawh thlasik Vaimim hi a thar that zawk nachhan chu thlai eichhetu rannungte leh natna dang dangte hi khaw vawh lai hian an awm duh loh vang a ni. Thlasik laia vaimim chin that nachhante han tarlang ta ila :-
(i) Ruahtui chungchangah : Fur laia vaimim chin chuan harsatna chi hrang hrang, tui tam avangin Vaimim kung tuiin a chiah reng te, leitha ruah tuiin a tih riralte leh vui hmaa a kung a hnawh avanga a kung lo hmuar (tawih) ta maite a awm thei thin. Amaherawhchu, heng harsatnate hi thlasik Vaimim-ah chuan a awm ve loh mai bakah, a hmuna hnathawh hi duh hun apiangah a tih theihin ruahin rokhawlhna a siam ve lo. Tin, Thlasik Vaimim chuan nisa a dawng tha bik bawk a ni. Thlasik darkar 7-9 vel nisa a hmuh laiin, furah chuan darkar 3-5 vel chauh a hmu a ni.
(ii) Sik leh Sa Thu-ah : Thlasik laia zan boruak vawt hi thlasik Vaimim hian a ngeih em em a. Chubakah thlai tana chaw siam chhuak thintu a hnahte a len that avangin leh hun a duh rei biknate hian a thar a lo tam nan kawngro a su hle bawk.
(iii) Leitha pek a sawtpui bik : Thlasik boruak hi Vaimim tan a that avangin leitha pekte hi fura pek aiin a that phah em em a . Tin, leitha kan pekna pawh hi a riral mai mai tur hi lei leh tuite a tul anga kan enkawl chuan a lo veng thei bawk. Leitha hi sum tam tak senna a ni a. Amaherawhchu, thlasik Vaimim hi chuan kan han sawi takte avang khian fertilizer a mamawh zat te riral mai mai lo a, a hman tangkai zel avangin a china atan sum sen pawh a ti tlem bawk.
(iv) A eichhetu rannungte leh natna enkawl : Fur Vaimim angin thlasik Vaimim hian natnate leh a eichhetu rannungte chungchangah buaina a tawk ve lo. A chhan chu thlasik laia boruak vawt leh boruak hnawng a awm lo (boruak ro) hi heng rannung leh natna hian an duh loh vang a ni.
(v) A bi awl tlem : Ruah avanga harsatna tam tak awm theite awm loh avangte, a eichhetu rannung leh natna avanga a kung eichhiatte a awm loh avangin a bi awl hi a tlem bik bawk a ni. Hei hi a thar tam nana thil pawimawh tak a ni.
(vi) Hnim lakah ven a awlsam : Fur laia Vaimim chin chuan hnim a lo tam awl bik a. Tin, a chinna hmuna hnathawkte pawh ruahsur hian a tikhawlhkham fo thin. Amaerawhchu, thlasik lai chuan khua a vawtin ruahte a sur ve lova, chuvangin hnim lo awmte pawh awlsam takin a thlawh fai theih a ni, hnim tihfai hian leitha kan pekte pawh hi Vaimim kungte chuan nasa zawkin an lo hmang tangkai thin a ni.
Source : Thlasik Vaimim leh Bekang Chin Dan
Directorate of Agriculture
Aizawl, Mizoram
Agril Extn Series 31/2001
A chinna atana hmun tha te
Vaimim hi India ram chhim phawizawlah 32 ͦ N thlengin hlawk taka chin theih a ni.Thlasik Vaimim hi vur tlak (dai khal) lohna hmunah a chin theih a . Sik leh sa thuah chuan a hun chhung hian 12℃ aia sang a ni tur a niin, vur tlakna hmun a ni lo tur a ni. A chin hun leh a seng hun inkara vur a tlak fo thin chuan a kungin a tuar nasa hle thin. Chuti a nih chuan India ram hmun hrang hranga thlasik Vaimim chin theihnate chu Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Orrisa, Tamil Nadu, Kanataka, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan chhak lam leh chhim lam, Sikkim hmun hniam lai te, Hmar chhak State te ,West Bengal, Punjab leh Haryana te an ni. Karnataka, Bihar, Andra Pradesh, Rajasthan chhak State te, West Bengal, Punjab leh Hayana te an ni. Kanataka, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh leh Tamil Nadu-ah te thlasik Vaimim chinna hmun hi a tam sawt hle a. Tin, State dang, a bik takin India khawchhak lam (East)- ah te hian a tha leh zual.
Loneitu Wheat ching thin, an chinna hmunah Wild Oat (Phalaris Minor) (buh lem) a lo awm vakin thlasik Vaimim chin hi a tangkai em em a.Thlasik Vaimim a tlara chin a, a lo ṭochhuah hmaa Atrazin (hnim tûr) hman hnua a tlar inkar han chawhphut leh hian hnimhnah zawng zawng deuhthaw a veng thin. Hetianga loneituin a tih chuan field-ah chuan a chunga kan sawi hnim khi kum thum chu a veng thei a ni. Tichuan, a duh chuan loneitu chuan Wheat pawh chu ngaingam takin chumi hmunah tho chuan a ching thei a ni.
THAR HNEM TURA A CHIN DAN LEH ENKAWL DAN
1. A chi (cultivator) thlan : A chi thlan hian thlasik Vaimim chin a hlawk leh hlawk loh leh a thar that chungchangte a hril thui hle a. Fur laia an chin thin tlangpui hote hi thlasik a chin chuan a thar tha dawn lo a. Chuvang chuan loneitute chuan hybrid thar hnem chi chauh thlasikah chin tur a ni. Hlawk taka thar tur chuan FI hybrid chi te hi chin thin tura thlante Table 1 leh Table 2-ah tarlan a ni.
Table-1 : North East Region : Hybrid Ganga 11, Deccan 103, 105 , Trishulata, KH-5981,1382 (3054) ICI 705 Composites Dhawal, NLD
Table-2 : State zawng zawng tan :
Ran chaw Vaimim
Pop Corn (Puakzo)
Sweet Corn (Vaimim thlum)
Quality Protein atan
Baby corn
:
:
:
:
:
African Tall, J-1006
Amber Popcorn, VL Amber Popcorn, Pearl Popcorn
Madhuri, Composit
Shakti-1
VL-42, Early composite
2. A chin hun : A chin hun dik tak thlan hi fur Vaimimah aiin thlasik Vaimimah a pawimawh a. October thla chawhnu lam leh November thla chawhma lam hi India ram hmar lamah chuan a vawh chak em avangin a chi tuhte a ]o chhuak harin a kungte pawh an thang mawh a. Chuvang chuan chin tlai chuan a thar pawh a tlem phah thin . Chuvang chuan chin tlai chuan a thar pawh a tlem phah ]hin. Chubakah, chin tlai chuan natna pakhat, commom rush a tam duh bik bawk.
ram hmar lamah chuan a vawh chak em avangin a chi tuhte a lo chhuak harin a kungte pawh an thang mawh a. Chuvang chuan chin tlai chuan a thar pawh a tlem phah thin . Chubakah, chin tlai chuan natna pakhat, commom rush a tam duh bik bawk.
Hei hi a hun taka chînah chuan a awm ve lo. Chin tlai avanga a thar tlem lam hi hmun hrang hrangah erawh chuan a inang vek lem lo . State hrang hranga thar ṭhat zawk nana a chin hunte chu:
| States | A chin hun |
|---|---|
| Bihar | 20 October-10 November |
| Uttar Pradesh | 15 October-10 November |
| Andhra Pradesh | 15 October-15 November |
| Gujarat | 15 October-10 November |
| Maharashtra | 20 October-10 November |
| Tamil Nadu | 15 October-10 November |
| Madhya Pradesh | 15 October-15 November |
| Karnataka | 15 October-15 November |
| West Bengal & North East Region | 15 October-10 November |
| Orissa | 15 October-10 November |
| Punjab | 25 October-30 November |
| Haryana | 25 October-30 November |
A chin hun laia a vawh viauna State ṭhenkhat Punjab leh Haryana angahte chuan a chi chu lei pawngah tuh tur a ni. Lei pawng chhak leh thlang zawnga thlur siama a chhim lam pangah a chi chu tuh tur a ni a. Hetia tih hian china (seedbed) hian ni a hmuh ṭhat phah a ni.
3. Vaimim phunsawn (Transplant) : Vaimim ṭiak hi a phunsawn theih tho a, a bik takin India Vaimim phunsawn hi buh tlai chi seng hnuah te, fu seng hma chin zawhah emaw favang fute nena chin pawlhahte a ṭha hle a ni. Tin, tuilian a kȃm harna ṭhenkhat Diara leh Tal hmunahte chawhnu lama phunsawn turin Nov. 21-31 chhung hian nursery-ah tuh tur a ni a. Hetianga tih hian main field-a tlai deuh hleka tuh nghal aiin a thar a ṭhahnem duh bik a ni. Hectare 1-na phun turin, a chi 25kg. chu hectare 1/10 hmunah tuh tur a ni a.. Tin, a tlar leh tlar inkar chu 20-22 cm a ni tur a ni bawk. Tin, a chi tuh hmain, nursery-ah chuan FYM @ 1.5-2.2t.,7.5 Kg N,2.5 Kg. 𝑃2O5, 3.0 Kg. 𝐾2O leh 1.0 Kg /ha. a ṭo hmaa hman chi hman a ṭha bawk.
Tichuan, Vaimim ṭiakte chu field-a chhak leh thlang zawnga thlura lei dah pawna chhim lamah emaw field zawl pangngaiah emaw phunsawn tur a ni. Vaimim ṭiak, pawh tawhte chu daihlimah dah a, a rang thei anga field-ah phunsawn nghal tur a ni. Field zawl pangngaiah chuan Vaimim ṭiakte chu khuarah phuna a zungte chu ṭha taka leia vur leh tur a ni. Lei dah pawna phunsawn hi field zawl pangngaia phunsawn veleh tui pek nghal tur a ni a, tichuan ni 8 ni 9 velah a vawihnihna chu pek leh tur a ni.
4. Fertilizer chungchang : Fur lai angin thlasikah chuan ruahin a fertilizer a tih riral ve loh avangin, thlasikah chuan fertilizer pek zat inangah pawh vaimim a hmang tangkai hnem zawk a. Chuvang chuan vaimim thar chhuahna man a tlawm zawk a ni.
Tin, lei ṭha (FYM) a awm a nih chuan, a chin hmain leiah pek tur a ni. A chhan chu Fertilizer ringawt hman ai chuan heng hnim leh thil dah ṭawihte nena ṭan tlan hian a thar ṭha duh bik.
A. Fertilizer pek zat tur : Fertilizer pek zat tur hi lei ṭhat dan leh a hmaa a hmun lo enkawl dan azirin a danglam thei awm e. A tlangpuiin 120:60:40 Kg/ha NPK hi pek ṭhin a ni.
B. Fertilizer pek dan : Hmun lia ṭhena hmun khat Nitrogen , Phosphorus leh Potash pum pui chu a chin/phun hmain pek tur a ni a. Tichuan, Nitrogen la bang zawng chu a inzat chiahin vawi hnih pek leh tur a ni. Nitrogrn pum pui aṭanga a chanve (60 kg) chu vaimim kung chu khup chen vel an nih hunah pek tur a ni a, a dang zawng chu a par tuamtu a hnah a lo lan hunah pek tur a ni. A hnah leiṭha al-in a tihnat loh nan, a kung aṭanga 15-20 cm vela pek tur a ni.
Nitrogen fertilizer a chin hnua pek hi leia vur lehin a ṭha duh bika hriat a ni.
5. A kung tam lam leh a chi zat : A thar huna hectare khata a kung 90,000 awm hi thlasik Vaimimah chuan thar a ṭha tawk viau a. Tin, a tlar leh tlar inkar 60cm leh tlar khata a kung leh kung inkar chu 18 cm a nihin hectare khata a kung inkar chu 18cm a nihin hectare khata kung awm zat hi duhthusam a ni. Hemi tur hian a chi 20-22 kg. hectare khat atan kan mamawh a. Tin, a chite hi chin/tuh an nih hmain zan khat tui lum (45 ͦ C)-ah chiah tur a ni. Hetianga tih hian a ṭo ṭhain a kung a hrisel duh bik a. Tichuan a chi 4-5 cm-a thuk ah tuh tur a ni.
6. Hnim laka ven : Hnim hnah hlai chi leh di lampang chi chu Atrazin @ 1 Kg/ha. hmangin hneh takin a control theih a. Hei hi a chi kan tuh kha a lo ṭo chhuah hmaa pek tur a ni. Hei hi a chi kan tuh kha a lo ṭo chuah hmaa pek tur a ni. Chu bakah, vawi hnih khat a tlar inkarte tihfai bawk tur a ni.
7. Tui pek hun : Thlasik laia ruahtui tla ringawt chu hybrid thlasik Vaimim thar hnem chi tan hian a tawk lo hle a. Chuvang chuan, a hun taka tui mamawh zat pek hi thlasik Vaimim hlawhtling taka thar thei tur chuan a pawimawh em em a ni. Lei tui pawm hnem thei lo chiah chuan lei chu a hnawng (70 % Soil Moisture) deuhin a thar hun thlengin tui pek ṭhin tur a ni, lei chu tui pawm hnem duh deuh chi a nih erawh chuan, a par hma zawng chu tui tam vak lo (30 % soil moisture) a pek a, a kawm a insiam lai leh a fang insiam lai vel chuan a aia tamin (70 % soil moisture) pek tur a ni. Hetiang anga tuia lei awmdan a zir leh a kung dinhmun azira tui pek hian a thar a ṭha duh thin.
Thlasik Vaimim atan hian vawi li aṭanga vawi ruk pek a ngai a. Tui chu vawi ruk pek a nih chuan hetianga pek tur a ni. A kawm a insiam hmain ni 20-25 danah vawi hnih, vawi khat (hei hi a ṭul/pawimawh hle) a par laiin, vawi hnih a par zawhah leh vawi khat a fang a insiam ṭan hun velah. Tui hi vawi nga pek a nih chuan a kawm a insiam hmaa a chunga pek tura kan sawi pakhat zawk khi erawh chuan a fang insiam hnua vawi khat pek hi pek loh leh mai tur a ni. Amaherawhchu, ruahtui a tam tawk chuan a remchan dan anga a chunga kan sawi dan khi chu tihdanglam mai tur a ni
8. Thlai dang nena chin pawlh: : Be lampang thar hma chi te, thlai an chi hrang hrang te, hriak nei chi thlaite nen hian thlasik Vaimim hi hlawhtling takin a chin pawlh thei a. Hetianga thlai dang nena chin pawlh hian Vaimim thar zat hi a tlem phah lo a, thlai dang aṭanga lo thar ve awm hi a hlawk a ni.
A hnuaia thlaite hi Vaimim nena chin pawlh theih a ni.
| State | Thlai chin pawlh theih | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | North-Western Region (Punjab, Haryana, Delhi & Western U.P) | Chana, Lentil, Bepui, Motor Chana. |
| 2 | North-Eastern Region (Bihar, Eastern U.P. West Bengal & N.E. Region) | Chana, Bepui, Alu, Purun sen, Motor Chana |
| 3 | Southern Region (Maharashtra, Andra Pradesh, Karnataka & Tamil Nadu) 4 | Methi, Dhania, Nihawi, Cluster, Bean. |
| 4 | Central Region (Rajasthan,M.P & Gujarat) | Chana, Lentil, Purunsen, Purun Var leh Methi. |
9. A kung ṭhan dan chungchang : Thlasik Vaimim chu a tuh/chin laia khua a vawh avangin a ṭhang muang a. January chawhnu lam leh Febuary inkar hian a ṭhang chak leh a. Tichuan a fangte chu a lo sak hunah seng tur a ni.
10. Thlai venhim :
(i) Natna : Natna lampanga harsatna hi thlasik vaimimah hian a nep deuh. Amaherawhchu, natna ṭhenkhat turcicum leaf blight leh common rust te hi a tlemin emaw a nasat deuh pawhin a awm ve ṭhin a. Tin, a par hnuah natna dang, charcoal rot an tih hi, chin tlai Vaimimah leh a seng hun laia khua a luma lei a ro viaunaah a awm duh bawk.
Heng natnate avanga thar zat a tlem loh nan chuan heng natna do theihna nei variety thlan tur a ni. Charcoal natna ven dan ṭha ber chu a seng hun laia a ro loh nan tui pek hi a ni. Tin, ‘rust’ leh turcicum leaf blight natna atan Mancozeb (Dithane M45) hman tur a ni.
(ii) A eichhetu rannung : Thlasik Vaimim hi fur Vaimim eichhe ṭhintu rannungte laka fihlima hriat a ni a. Amaherawhchu, a kung nget (borers) chi hnih, Chilo parrellus leh Sesamia inferens-te hi a eichhetu berte an ni. Heng rannungte control nan hian ni 10-15 berte an ni. Heng rannungte control nan hian ni 10-15 a upa Vaimim kungah Endosulfan (35 EC) 0 1% kah a, a upa Vaimim kungah Endosulfan granules @15 Kg/ha. theh leh tur a ni. Biharah chuan pangang a kung ei chum chi (climbing cut worm ) hi a eichhetu ber a ni a . Heng hi a lo ṭiah hnu ni 1535-ah Endosulfan 0.05 % emaw qurinalphos 3G @0.5 %-a kah a, hei bakah hian a ṭiah a ṭanga ni 20-naah tricholrophon 5G emaw Carbofuran 3G emaw @ 0.5 KG/Ha. theh leh a ṭha. Hemi theh hnuhnung zawk a ṭanga ni 20 velah vawikhat theh leh tur a ni.
India hmar lamahte vur vangin Vaimim ṭiak lo chhe deuh mahse, tlema khua a lo lum leh hunah a rawn ṭha leh mai tura ngaih a ni. Hei hi a theihna chhan chu a lo ṭhanna lai tak (growing point) hi ṭha taka hliahkhuh a nih avang leh lei hnaih têa awm a nih vang a ni.
B. BEKANG CHIN DAN LEH ENKAWL DAN
Bekang hi Asia khawchak lam China ram vel hi an hmuhchhuahna nia hriat a ni. Kum 5000 aia tam kal ta a ṭang khan Bekang hi hriat a ni tawh nghe nghe a ni. India ramah pawh hian kum za tam kal tawh aṭang khan chin a ni bawk .
Bekang hian zaa sawmhnih (20 %) hriak a pai a, hei vang hian hriak pai thlai (oil-seed crops)-ah pawh chhiar tel tho a ni nghe nghe. Protein hi zaah pawh chhiar tel tho a ni nghe nghe. Protein hi zaah sawmli (40%) a pai bakah taksa tana chaw ṭha mineral leh Vitamin chi hrang hrangte a pai bawk. Mihring tan chaw ṭha leh ṭangkai tak a ni.
Sik leh Sa : Bekang hi sik leh sa chungchangah Vaimim nen a inang viau a. Boruak lum leh hnawng lam deuhah a ṭha duh hle. Temperature 26.5-30℃ hi ṭhat duhna ber a ni.
Leilung : Lei ṭha leh ruahtui tling lo a put ral zung zung theihna leh pH 6.0-7.5-ah a ṭha duh hle. A chinna lei hi ngun taka leh a, dip ṭha taka leh a ṭha ber.
Fertilizer mamawh zat : Dan aranin hectare khatah NPK 20:60:40 Kgs leh MOP 70 Kgs. A ngai a, fertilizer pek tur zat hi Bekang chinna tur hian Urea 45 Kgs, SSp 375 Kgs leh MOP 70 Kgs. A ngai a, fertilizer pek tur zawng hi Bekang chinna tur thlûrah a chi chhunna a ṭanga 5-7 cm vela thûkah, chin hmain lo dah tur a ni. Hemi hi a harsat viau chuan fertilizers-te hi rual taka theha lei nen chawhpawil mai pawh a ṭha ve tho bawk.
Bekang hian a zungah boruaka Nitrogen a khawlkhawm ṭhin a, hei vang hian thlai chaw chi khat Nitrogen (Urea-in a pek) hi pek tam vak a ngai lo. Bekang zung pawh chuan bȃwk thiah thiah i hmu ang a , hei hi a chaw ( Nitrogen) khawlkhawm chu a ni. Hei vang hian a ni, kan pi leh pute pawhin Bekang chinna hnuah thlai a ṭha duh an lo tih ṭhin kha.
Bekang hi a par dawn ṭan a, a kuhmum lai vel hian MOP tuia kah a ṭha .Hei hian rah a tipuam ṭhain a mu thep a tlem phah thei em em a ni.MOP-a bekang dawn hian Hectare khat atan MOP 12 Kgs hi tui litre 400-ah chawhral a, kah mai tur a ni . Hei hi MOP tui 3% vela chak a ni.
Tin, bekang chi hi Bio-fertilizer (Rhizobium leh Photosphotika) nena sawngbawl chin a ṭha em em a ni. Hemi tih theih hi chuan Urea hi hman kher loh pawhin a pawi vak lo a ni.
A chin hun : Dan naranin Bekang hi ni rei loh laia chin thlai a ni a. Mahse thiamna a san zel angin bekang chi ṭha thar ṭha zawkte siam chhuah zel a ni a. A chi (variety) a zirin eng hunah pawh chin theihte pawh a awm tawh a. Mizoram ICAR Kolasib amite pawhin May thla tawp lamah an ching a, a hlawngtling em em a ni.
A chin hun ṭha ber nia lang chu July thla vel a ni.
Assam-ah chuan, tui pek theihna hmun a nih chuan January leh Febuary thla velah pawh hlawhtling takin an ching bawk.
A chi ngai zat : Hectare khatah a chi 70 kgs. Vel a tawk, a tlara chin a ṭha ber a, a tlar leh tlar 30-45cm. vela inhlatin a tlarah bi 5-10cm. danah tuh a ni ber. Thlai dang buh, Vaimim, La, Chhawhchhi, Badam leh Fu ( a bikin Favang laia phun) te nena chin pawlh atan bekang hi a ṭha em em a ni
Entirnan : Vaimim nena chin pawlh dawn chuan Vaimim hi a tlar 100cm. inkar hlata chin a, a tlarah 10 cm inkar dana chin phawt tur a ni a. Vaimim tlar leh tlar inkarah Bekang tlar thum dah leh ila. Hetiang tih hian Vaimim hi a hlanga chin ang thoin a thar tam thei a, chubakah bekang 10-12qt a thar belh thei bawk a ni. Bekang chi hi 4cm vela thukah tuh a ṭha bawk. Tuh thuk lutuk hian a ṭiak a tihtlai mai bakah a thar a hlawk loh phah thei bawk a ni. Bekang hi chin hnuah a chinna tlar hi buhpawla khuh den den hian a ṭiak ṭha duh bawk. A chinna tur lei a ro lutuk chuan a chin hmain ni hnih velah tui pek a ṭha bawk a, a lei tihnawng turin.
Tin, Bekang chi hi a ṭiah theih nan ‘cytozyme seed plus’ nen chawhpawlh tur a ni. Hemi damdawi 1ml leh tui 100 ml. chawhpawlh hi a chi 10 kgs. nen a chin hma ni khat vela lo chawhpawlh a ṭha.
Hlo thlawh : Chin a ṭanga ni 20 vel leh a ni 40-na velah thlawh a ṭha. Hlo thlawh hi a hautak hle a, damdawi hman mai hi a economic hle a ni. Hlo tûr Fluchloralin (basalin) a fir (a.i) litre khatah tui 800 litres vel nen chawhpawlh Bekang chin hmain chinna tur lei kah a, hemi hnuah hian lei chunglang nen rih pawlh a, bekang chin chauh tur a ni
Tui pek : Bekang tui mawmawh zual lai hun hi a par lai leh a rah insiam ṭan vel lai hi a ni a, hetih lai hi chuan tui pek hram a ṭha a, hun danga kan pe thei lo a nih pawhin.
Tlai venhim : Thlai natna venhim nan bekang chi 1 Kg leh Thiram 3 gm hisapa nuaipawlh a ṭha. Tin, Virus vanga natna chi khat Yellow Mosaic Virus (a hnah rang, eng bawk) hi, a Virus hi chu damdawi hmanga tihrehna a awm lova, mahse hemi Virus pudarhtu rannungte leh rannung dang thlai eichhetu laka ven nan Rogor litre 1.5 leh tui 800 litres pawlh a, hectre khata zau nan a ṭha bawk.